The BMJ | 5月新闻速递
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- 作者：bmjchina
- 日期：2023-06-02
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▶ Covid-19: WHO declares end of global health emergency
世界卫生组织宣布结束新冠全球卫生紧急状态
The World Health Organization has declared that covid-19 is no longer a “global health emergency” while emphasising that it remains a global health threat.
BMJ 2023; 381: p1041 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.p1041世界卫生组织宣布，新冠疫情不再被视为“全球卫生紧急事件”，但同时强调它仍然是全球公共卫生威胁
▶ UN warns of preterm birth rates flatlining in every region
联合国警告全球各地区早产率并无改善
Preterm birth rates have not changed in any region in the world in the past decade, with 152 million babies born before 37 weeks between 2010 and 2020, according to a major report.BMJ 2023; 381: p1054 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.p1054在过去的十年里，全球各地区的早产率均没有发生变化。2010年至2020年期间，约有1.52亿个孩子在妊娠37周内出生（即早产）。
▶ ChatGPT and other AI tools put students at risk of plagiarism allegations, MDU warns
英国医疗辩护联盟警告称，ChatGPT和其他人工智能工具使学生面临抄袭指控的风险
Medical students should not “cut corners” by using artificial intelligence tools such as ChatGPT in their written work, the Medical Defence Union has said.BMJ 2023; 381: p1133 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.p1133英国医疗辩护联盟表示，医学生不应该在他们的作业中使用ChatGPT等人工智能工具来“偷工减料”。
▶ Health checks are needed to reduce premature deaths among people with severe psychiatric illness, says college
英国皇家精神医师学院表示，需要进行健康检查以减少患有严重精神疾病的患者过早死亡
Psychiatrists are calling on the government to close the mortality gap between people with severe mental illness and the rest of the population by ensuring that everyone with a severe psychiatric diagnosis receives an annual health check of blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipids, body mass index, and alcohol and smoking status.
BMJ 2023; 381:p1096 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.p1096
精神科医生呼吁政府通过确保每个患有严重精神疾病的患者每年接受一次血压、血糖、血脂、体重指数、酒精摄入和吸烟状况的健康检查，以缩小严重精神疾病患者与其他人群之间的死亡率差距。
▶ Artificial sweeteners do not aid weight loss or improve health, says WHO
世界卫生组织表示，人造甜味剂无助于减重或改善健康
Artificial sweeteners and foods that contain them should not be used to try to control body weight or reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases as there is no evidence of any long term benefit, the World Health Organization has advised.BMJ 2023; 381: p1112 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.p1112世界卫生组织建议，不应使用人造甜味剂和含有它们的食物来试图控制体重或降低非传染性疾病的风险，因为目前还没有证据表明它们有任何长期的益处。
▶ First baby born in the UK using mitochondrial donation therapy
英国首次诞生使用线粒体捐赠疗法的婴儿
At least one baby has been born in the UK following mitochondrial donation treatment (MDT), the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) has confirmed.BMJ 2023; 381: p1091 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.p1091英国人类授精与胚胎管理局 (HFEA) 证实，英国至少有一名婴儿在接受线粒体捐赠疗法 (MDT) 后出生。
▶ Breast cancer: US recommends women start screening at 40
乳腺癌：美国建议女性从 40 岁开始进行筛查
American women should begin breast cancer screening at age 40 with mammography every two years, the US Preventive Services Task Force has said in a draft recommendation. Previously women were advised to start at age 50 and those in their 40s were told to make an individual decision.BMJ 2023; 381: p1077 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.p1077美国预防服务工作组（US Preventive Services Task Force）在一份建议草案中表示，美国女性应从40岁开始进行乳腺癌筛查，每两年进行一次乳房x光检查。此前，美国建议女性从 50 岁开始进行筛查，而 40 岁以上的女性则应根据自身情况做出个人决定。
▶ Simple intervention for severe blood loss after childbirth is found to save lives
一项研究表明，针对产后严重出血的简单干预可以挽救生命
A simple intervention to detect and treat postpartum haemorrhage could dramatically cut maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide, a large trial led by the University of Birmingham has shown.BMJ 2023; 381: p1055 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.p1055
一项由伯明翰大学牵头的大型试验表明，对产后出血进行简单的检测和治疗可以显著降低全球孕产妇的死亡率和并发症率。
▶ Antidepressants lack evidence for treating chronic pain, says Cochrane
Cochrane协作网表示，抗抑郁药物在治疗慢性疼痛方面缺乏证据
Most antidepressants used for chronic pain are being prescribed with insufficient evidence of their effectiveness, a Cochrane review has found.BMJ 2023; 381:p1056 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.p1056一项 Cochrane 系统综述发现，大多数用于治疗慢性疼痛的抗抑郁药物的治疗有效性缺乏充分证据。
关于 The BMJ：
The BMJ 是享誉世界的四大综合医学期刊之一，出版高质量的研究、综述、专家评述、权威观点及医学教育内容等。秉持“创造一个更健康的世界”的愿景，The BMJ 致力于为医生、研究人员和其他医疗卫生专业人士提供知识与信息，帮助医生做出更好的临床决策，最终改善患者结局。
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