Laparoscopic cholecystectomy versus percutaneous catheter drainage for acute cholecystitis in high risk patients (CHOCOLATE): multicentre randomised clinical trial [腹腔镜胆囊切除术vs经皮导管引流治疗高危患者急性胆囊炎（CHOCOLATE）：多中心随机临床试验]

• 分享：

BMJ 2018; 363 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.k3965 (Published 08 October 2018)
Cite this as: BMJ 2018;363:k3965

Authors
Charlotte S Loozen, Hjalmar C van Santvoort, Peter van Duijvendijk, Marc GH Besselink, Dirk J Gouma, Grard AP Nieuwenhuijzen, Johannes C Kelder, Sandra C Donkervoort, Anna AW van Geloven, Philip M Kruyt, Daphne Roos, Kirsten Kortram, Verena NN Kornmann, Apollo Pronk, Donald L van der Peet, Rogier MPH Crolla, Bert van Ramshorst, Thomas L Bollen, Djamila Boerma

Abstract
Objective To assess whether laparoscopic cholecystectomy is superior to percutaneous catheter drainage in high risk patients with acute calculous cholecystitis.

Design Multicentre, randomised controlled, superiority trial.

Setting 11 hospitals in the Netherlands, February 2011 to January 2016.

Participants 142 high risk patients with acute calculous cholecystitis were randomly allocated to laparoscopic cholecystectomy (n=66) or to percutaneous catheter drainage (n=68). High risk was defined as an acute physiological assessment and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score of 7 or more.

Main outcome measures The primary endpoints were death within one year and the occurrence of major complications, defined as infectious and cardiopulmonary complications within one month, need for reintervention (surgical, radiological, or endoscopic that had to be related to acute cholecystitis) within one year, or recurrent biliary disease within one year.

Results The trial was concluded early after a planned interim analysis. The rate of death did not differ between the laparoscopic cholecystectomy and percutaneous catheter drainage group (3% v 9%, P=0.27), but major complications occurred in eight of 66 patients (12%) assigned to cholecystectomy and in 44 of 68 patients (65%) assigned to percutaneous drainage (risk ratio 0.19, 95% confidence interval 0.10 to 0.37; P<0.001). In the drainage group 45 patients (66%) required a reintervention compared with eight patients (12%) in the cholecystectomy group (P<0.001). Recurrent biliary disease occurred more often in the percutaneous drainage group (53% v 5%, P<0.001), and the median length of hospital stay was longer (9 days v 5 days, P<0.001).

Conclusion Laparoscopic cholecystectomy compared with percutaneous catheter drainage reduced the rate of major complications in high risk patients with acute cholecystitis.

Trial registration Dutch Trial Register NTR2666.