Associations of habitual fish oil supplementation with cardiovascular outcomes and all cause mortality: evidence from a large population based cohort study [习惯性鱼油补充与心血管结局和全因死亡率的关系：大规模人群队列研究的证据]

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BMJ 2020; 368 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m456 (Published 04 March 2020)
Cite this as: BMJ 2020;368:m456

Authors
Zhi-Hao Li, Wen-Fang Zhong, Simin Liu, Virginia Byers Kraus, Yu-Jie Zhang, Xiang Gao, Yue-Bin Lv, Dong Shen, Xi-Ru Zhang, Pei-Dong Zhang, Qing-Mei Huang, Qing Chen, Xian-Bo Wu, Xiao-Ming Shi, Dong Wang, Chen Mao

Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the associations of habitual fish oil supplementation with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in a large prospective cohort.

Design Population based, prospective cohort study.

Setting UK Biobank.

Participants A total of 427 678 men and women aged between 40 and 69 who had no CVD or cancer at baseline were enrolled between 2006 and 2010 and followed up to the end of 2018.

Main exposure All participants answered questions on the habitual use of supplements, including fish oil.

Main outcome measures All cause mortality, CVD mortality, and CVD events.

Results At baseline, 133 438 (31.2%) of the 427 678 participants reported habitual use of fish oil supplements. The multivariable adjusted hazard ratios for habitual users of fish oil versus non-users were 0.87 (95% confidence interval 0.83 to 0.90) for all cause mortality, 0.84 (0.78 to 0.91) for CVD mortality, and 0.93 (0.90 to 0.96) for incident CVD events. For CVD events, the association seemed to be stronger among those with prevalent hypertension (P for interaction=0.005).

Conclusions Habitual use of fish oil seems to be associated with a lower risk of all cause and CVD mortality and to provide a marginal benefit against CVD events among the general population.